Science Test Tomorrow

·         When you saturate a solution, the level of the solution goes up/becomes higher when more of the substance is added.  The particles of the solute that dissolve are dispersed everywhere in the solution. The particles of the solute that are undissolved fall to the bottom of the bottle.

·         When you use a paper filter to separate a solid from a liquid, the particles of the solid are too big to go through the holes in the paper filter.

·         In order to determine if a clear liquid that passes through a filter is a solution, you should pour the liquid into an evaporating dish and set it aside where it will not be disturbed. If a solid material appears when the water has evaporated, then the clear liquid is a solution. If no solid remains, the liquid is not a solution. 

·         Another way to determine if a clear liquid that passes through a filter is a solution is by weighing the liquid against the same volume of water. If they weigh the same, the liquid is not a solution. If the liquid weighs more, it is a solution.

·         When a solid material dissolves in a liquid to form a solution, the solid material is called the solute.

·         You could make a saturated solution using sugar and 50 mL of water by adding sugar to 50 mL of water and stirring it until no more sugar dissolves.

·         You will know when the solution is saturated when no more solid will dissolve and there will be solid on the bottom.

·         If you are saturating a solution with sugar and you  lose track of how much sugar you have used you could figure out how many grams it takes to saturate the solution by doing the following:

o   Filter the saturated solution to remove undissolved  sugar

o   Weigh the solution to find its mass

o   Subtract the amount of water in grams (1 mL of water = 1 g water)

o   The difference equals the mass of the sugar in the saturated solution

·         If you are finding the mass of a saturated solution, add the mass of the solid in grams to the mass of the water (1 mL=1g). For example, 5 scoops of citric acid (1 scoop=5 grams) = 50 mL of water would be a total mass of 75 grams.

·         The mass of a water solution is equal to the mass of the water plus the mass of the solute.

·         It is NOT possible to have a solution that is not a mixture. A solution is a special type of mixture where a solid (the solute) is dissolved in a liquid (the solvent). All solutions are mixtures!

·         In order to dilute a saturated solution to make all of the solute dissolve you should add more water to the solution. You could also heat up the solution to get more of the solute to dissolve.

·         This would work because only a certain amount of solute will dissolve in a given amount of water. More water means more solute will dissolve. Solubility also increases as temperature increases.